Study on the Doppler Method to Detect Metal Fault

The study deals with the interaction of ultrasound with metals discovered an unusual phenomenon.
Microwave sensor indicates fluctuations of electric surface conductivity when exposed to elastic
ultrasonic vibrations in metal objects. The defective area is by a content of microdefects of the type
"the mouth of the cracks". They are known as the field of "acoustic activity" the method of Acoustic
Emission (AE). The high coefficient of phase modulation of the reflected field allows you to indicate
the Doppler signal is useful for 6-30 dB over the noise from a distance of 70-180 mm. The
phenomenon is called "of Gorbunov effect". It has been successfully used as remote non-destructive
testing method is ultrasonic methods of flaw detection, acoustic emission. A semiconductor detector
responds to the amount of incident and reflected waves, registering the change in reflection
coefficient. When injected into the area of the surface that differ in conductivity from the previous one
can identify cracks the size of a quarter wavelength. It has been successfully used as remote nondestructive
testing method that replaces the ultrasonic methods of flaw detection, acoustic emission.
While testing a fragment of the steam-pipe destroyed during operation due to flooding, our device
allowed to indicate these defects when the external surface of the steam pipe is excited by ultrasound.
The microwave sensor at this time irradiated the outside surface of the steam. Rrevealing that the
new device is able to reconsider the defectoscopy of the inne-surface of the steam pipe by chemical
etching method of the inner-surface with scrutinizing by a contrast agent, a microscope, an x-ray flaw
detector.
Another version of the test of the new device relates to the indication of the quality of zirconium tubes
(used for heat Emitting Elements (TVEL) in thermal nuclear power plants). Result revealed that the
manufactured tubes should be rejected due to the appearance of "punctures", "sticking", scratches,
micro-cracks. All these defects can be determined by optical methods using special microscopes with
electronic video recording, software. The time taken for this study takes up to ten minutes. The
device, reveals the defects in 2-3 seconds.
Research work on the new device continues. The new results are significantly different (in a positive
way) from the results of ultrasonic flaw detection, acoustic emission method, which use contact
sensors, immersion lubrication. Noticing the contact of the generators of the ultrasound in the new
device to the laser generators will let you create a fully remote device.