EVOLUTION OF CLIMATIC CONDITIONS BETWEEN 1982 AND 2016 IN THE SIDI BOUGHABA BIOLOGICAL RESERVE (KÉNITRA, MOROCCO)

The last two bioclimatic studies carried out in the biological reserve of Sidi Boughaba (Kénitra, Morocco) concerned the periods from 1948 to 1970 and from 1957 to 1981. A comparative bioclimatic study using current meteorological data covering the period 1982 to 2016 would be complementary and would allow to analyze the evolutionary trend of the bioclimate in the area. The present study therefore sets itself the objective of characterizing the climate of the study area and identifying the ecological systems, particularly those of a bioclimatic nature, which influence the distribution of vegetation and its dynamics during the period from 1982 to 2016. For this purpose, meteorological data were collected from the Kénitra meteorological station. Their synthesis allowed the calculation of the Emberger quotient, the aridity index of Bagnouls and Gaussen as well as the De Martonne index. The results showed a correspondence between the Emberger quotient and the De Martonne index justifying that the bioclimatic stage migrated from subhumid to temperate winter to semi-arid to cool winter. It shows an evolution towards aridity of the climate during this period.